| Your Chocolate Is Made By Enslaved Kids | Hugh 2011-01-26 17:27:00 UTC |
Advanced warning – this will not be a fun read. One of the things I’ve been really enjoying about the new KKC infodump posts (you can see them at the bottom right) is that they’re fairly frequently clueing me into food things I didn’t know about before. I mean, I had no idea what shade-grown coffee was before I commissioned someone to write about it, and the entire coffee pods thing is a completely new world to me. And then I asked someone to write about fair trade chocolate facts . And frankly, I felt decidedly ill afterward. I support Fair Trade, generally. Occasionally I support coffee vendors like Has Bean (no, they don’t pay us anything, we just really like them) who don’t do Fair Trade, but do actually visit the farms they buy from and work hard to offer a fair price. But occasionally I’ll grab some non-Fair Trade coffee, and non-Fair Trade other stuff. Sure, it’s not great that people aren’t getting paid well for their work, but I wasn’t that guilty about it. And then Hope wrote up a piece on chocolate, and Fair Trade. Non-Fair Trade chocolate means poor farmers? No. If you’re buying non-Fair Trade chocolate, it turns out, you’re probably funding people who enslave children. One in twenty of the people picking your chocolate are child slaves.See, most of the cocoa beans that are used to make chocolate come from West Africa and specifically the Côte d’Ivoire, which, it turns out, is not a very nice place. There are numerous reports of children from neighbouring countries to the Ivory Coast being lured or otherwise trafficked there and sold as slaves. UNICEF, who aren’t exactly shrill hippies, released an official report in 1998 concluding that some of the Ivory Coast cocoa farms they surveyed did indeed use enslaved children. They’ve restated their position as recently as 2007, saying that “children from neighbouring countries such as Burkina Faso, Togo and Mali are brought to Côte d’Ivoire to work in its robust cocoa farming industry, among other outlets for child labour. Their rights are not respected and they are exposed to wide-ranging exploitation and abuse”. Fortune Magazine – again, not exactly the Usual Suspects on green/ethical issues – as recently as 2008, said that little progress has been made in dealing with the child slavery problems on the Ivory Coast. There are a whole load of other reports on this stuff, some of them decidedly don’t-read-whilst-eating. Wikipedia, unsurprisingly, has a very solid overview of the evidence. The BBC’s Panorama program did independant research into the issue and came to some pretty hair-raising conclusions (although read down for the full article, the summary was written by someone who had gotten a bit high on his own, presumably fairly traded and exploitation-free, supply). In summary – yup, about 5% of this stuff – one in twenty chocolate bars you buy – was grown by some kid, probably less than 13 years old, who has been kidnapped from their parents and is forced to work by men who hit him or her if they don’t think the cocoa picking is going fast enough. If you’re feeling sick at this point, you’re not the only one. I think about all the chocolate I’ve eaten in the last year alone, and I don’t feel too well. So what the fuck to do about it?I really don’t know. Obviously, Fair Trade chocolate kinda shoots up in priority once you know about this stuff. Higher than free range chicken (tortured chickens or tortured kids is a pretty easy call to make), higher than most other kinds of Fair Trade stuff, generally to the top of the food chain. Ironically for a UK-based blog, we’ve only got a guide – and a brief one – to the US Fair Trade Chocolate brands at KKC. For UK people like me, the best source I’ve been able to find is the Observer’s article on ethical chocolate (Green and Black’s? Not as ethical as they claim). Beyond that, you/we could write letters, of course. A letter to Cadbury’s in the UK suggesting that they check the living shit out of their Faid Trade supply chain would be a good start. For more info, there are a lot of organisiations working on this problem, from the Cocoa Initiative to Stop Chocolate Slavery . They’ve got lots of suggestions on what to do. But overall, I didn’t write this piece to sell you on any particular action. I just figured that something this horrifying is something that more people should know about, particularly when we’re often innocently funding it. So I guess that’s the other thing that you can do – tell people. Make sure everyone knows what’s happening to supply that chocolate. I simply couldn’t believe what I was reading when I started getting articles on this stuff. But it’s incontrovertably true. I wish it wasn’t. | |
| Matthieu Weber | 2011-01-27 07:20:06 UTC Here’s my humble opinion about how to choose your chocolate: if you care about good taste over low prices, you’ll concentrate on South American cocoa (the Criollo variety, about 10% of the world production). Needless to say it rarely makes it to the shelves of your local supermarket, and you’ll have to go to a chocolatier’s shop to find it (there is one exception: the best chocolate I found in my town in Finland is a no-brand, fair-trade chocolate made in France from cocoa grown in Peru, sold by a minor chain of supermarkets). African production is mostly based on the Forastero variety, which is less interesting than Criollo, but also aims at low-cost, mass-production. This is the stuff common industrial chocolate is made from, and which is possibly based on child slavery. In conclusion, if you care about the taste of your chocolate, you will simply not spend your money on products that are benefiting from child slavery. | |
| Hugh | 2011-01-27 14:25:26 UTC I love Criollo chocolate. Sensational stuff. (We’re lucky enough to have a fantastic chocolate shop in Edinburgh, the Chcolate Tree, where I recently went for a tasting. ) I may ask the proprietor of the Chocolate Tree if he’d be interested in doing a guest post on buying nice-tasting, non-evil chocolate. | |
| Jem | 2011-01-27 15:30:41 UTC Interesting entry – food for thought. While you’re preaching about the unethical origins of our chocolate, why not write a follow-up entry to your coffee pods article (which mentions / bigs up the Nestle coffee machine at least once) including all of the shady things Nestle have been up to over the past 100 years? There’s a reason why there’s an international boycott against them. | |
| Maarten | 2011-01-27 15:48:08 UTC In the Netherlands a journalist, Teun van der Keuken, has tried to get himself prosecuted for eating chocolate. I’m not sure how this is covered by the law in your country, but his theory was that buying chocolate while knowing it is created with the help of child slavery, made him punishable too. His goal was to go to jail for fencing and make every Dutch citizen punishable too with the media attention his case got. I’m not sure how his case is going, last thing I heard is that he had found an ex-slave boy from Ivory Coast that would testify for a Dutch court, but there was a lot of paperwork going on. He created his own slave-free chocolate brand (‘Tony Chocolonely’, http://www.tonychocolonely.nl/ in Dutch) and some other chocolate producers here have also started to sell slave-free chocolate. | |
| Edith | 2011-01-27 17:20:01 UTC We have 2 excellent chocolate shops in ediburgh. Coco of Bruntsfield also sell excellent ethically sourced chocolate. | |
| Robert J Lee | 2011-01-27 23:11:29 UTC In Edinburgh I can also recommend the One World shop under St Johns Church (West end of Princes’ Street), which is where I get most of my tea. While not being an excellent chocolate shop /per se/, they also sell Fairtrade chocolate, coffee and all sorts of other things. | |
| Hugh | 2011-01-28 13:26:28 UTC Wow. I wasn’t expecting the level of traffic this article has had. (Something like 2.5k views over 2 days). Edith – I’d forgotten about Coco. Glad to hear they’re on the ethically sourced side too. Jem – you’re absolutely right. I may go and edit that article, actually. Maarten – That’s VERY interesting. I will follow that case – thanks. | |
| AJ | 2011-01-28 19:03:34 UTC Anyone have any idea of what the conditions are for South American chocolate production? I buy some amount of fair trade chocolate already, but when I don’t buy fair trade I often buy single origin and it would be good to know which countries are more OK. | |
| Neil | 2011-01-29 00:46:58 UTC Striking stuff! Is it 5% of chocolate from the Côte d’Ivoire, 5% period, or 5% of non-fairtrade chocolate which is believed to be picked by child slave labour | |
| Hugh | 2011-01-29 16:22:47 UTC AJ – Best I can tell, child slavery is still an issue in South America, but a much rarer one – certainly there’s much less of a stink being made about it. Child LABOUR is a more considerable issue, but that’s a different kettle of fish. UNICEF doesn’t have specific reports on child slavery that I could find, but it does have a country-by-country breakdown including child labour statistics and general notes and news. Ecuador, for example, seems to be taking active steps to deal with its own child slavery problem, which most appears to have centered on prostitution (ick) with no mention I could find of cocoa plantations. http://gvnet.com/humantrafficking/ is another good site to check. Neil – 5% of Cote D’Ivoire child workers is the statistic. However, African cocoa in general appears to be far from untainted by slavery. As mentioned above, I don’t know about the rest of the world, but a quick Google appears to suggest it’s much less of a problem elsewhere, and Matthieu’s answer also suggests that. | |
| Sally Rankin | 2011-02-06 22:15:25 UTC What about Montezuma’s? They claim to “trade fairly”… | |
| Hugh | 2011-02-07 13:44:35 UTC Sally – I don’t know, so I’ve contacted them to ask. Look for a response here soon! | |
| Sally Rankin | 2011-02-08 11:11:19 UTC Yes, I will. Looking forward. Thank you Hugh. | |
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